Conklin

Case Solution for ING and Global Financial Integration (B)

Complete Case details are given below :
Case Name :      ING and Global Financial Integration (B)
Authors :           David W. Conklin, Danielle Cadieux
Source :             Ivey Publishing
Case ID :            908M27
Discipline :        Finance
Case Length :    03 pages
Solution Sample availability : YES
Plagiarism : NO (100% Original work)
Description for case is given below :
Global financial markets had changed dramatically in the decade following the ING (A) case, product # 9A99M022. This (B) case points to the nature of these changes, creating an opportunity for students to discuss them. Meanwhile, ING had also altered its global strategy, eliminating its attempts to create a global investment bank, and focusing its activities on specific financial sectors, each of which reported directly to head office. This new structure enabled ING head office to maintain closer control over its numerous local institutions. Students can analyze alternative potential strategies for ING in the context of the major financial changes. The (B) case presents summaries of: the 2007-08 global financial crisis; the attempts, like Basel II, to establish global reserve requirements; the economic prospects of the European Union and emerging markets; and ING Direct’s success in e-banking.
 
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Case Solution for The 2007-2008 Financial Crisis: Causes, Impacts and the Need for New Regulations

Complete Case details are given below :
Case Name :      The 2007-2008 Financial Crisis: Causes, Impacts and the Need for New Regulations
Authors :           David W. Conklin, Danielle Cadieux
Source :             Ivey Publishing
Case ID :            908N14
Discipline :        Finance
Case Length :    13 pages
Solution Sample availability : YES
Plagiarism : NO (100% Original work)
Description for case is given below :
The financial system is the heart of free market economies. The 2007-2008 financial crisis raised concerns that the global financial and economic system might experience a truly substantial collapse. New financial instruments had proliferated to the degree that it had become impossible to calculate the market value of many of them, and so it had become impossible to know the market value of institutions that held them or that guaranteed them. The initial disaster occurred with the U.S. subprime residential mortgage market, but it quickly spread globally to institutions that held new financial instruments related to these mortgages. Firms that had guaranteed these financial instruments found that their net worth was disappearing, leading to concerns about the institutions that had relied on their guarantees. Meanwhile, new kinds of hedge funds introduced the risk of greater volatility, and they exposed investors to sudden shocks. Many banks were caught in this web and suddenly had to obtain additional equity capital in order to meet regulatory requirements and maintain the confidence of depositors. As a result of these developments, liquidity disappeared from the financial system. It seemed that recession in the United States was inevitable. Previous expectations that other economies had become “decoupled” for the United States were being replaced by fears that economies throughout the world would follow the United States into recession. Central banks reacted dramatically with attempts to reduce interest rates and to increase financial liquidity, and the U.S. government cut personal taxes through a tax refund program. It was not clear whether monetary and fiscal policies could prevent a long and deep recession. Debate arose concerning the advisability of a wide variety of new regulations that might be able to prevent future recurrence of such a financial crisis.
 
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Case Solution for The Great Recession, 2007-2010: Causes and Consequences

Complete Case details are given below :
Case Name :      The Great Recession, 2007-2010: Causes and Consequences
Authors :           Danielle Cadieux, David W. Conklin
Source :             Ivey Publishing
Case ID :            910M08
Discipline :        Finance
Case Length :    11 pages
Solution Sample availability : YES
Plagiarism : NO (100% Original work)
Description for case is given below :
“A recession in the U.S. economy began at the end of 2007. Concerns deepened as an epic financial crisis shattered business and consumer confidence. By the fall of 2008, the United States was in the midst of the worst recession since the 1930s, and major financial institutions were on the verge of bankruptcy. The financial crisis and recession spread around the world. Many saw a risk that the global financial system might collapse, perhaps precipitating a repetition of the lengthy economic devastation of the 1930s depression. Governments reacted by creating huge stimulus packages that greatly increased national deficits and debts, and by loosening monetary policies with interest rates close to zero and huge expansions of the money supply. In their efforts to save the financial system, governments also offered bail-out packages to banks, including loans, guarantees and equity. By the fall of 2009, the crisis had stabilized, and the appearance of “”green shoots”” gave promise of recovery. By 2010, it was possible to put the financial crisis in perspective, and to raise questions about the causes and consequences. Of particular concern was whether new regulations might be needed to prevent a recurrence, and whether some of the tighter regulations should be international in scope. A related concern was whether such regulations should be applied to non-bank financial institutions as well as banks. Governments were also trying to determine how to exit the unique fiscal and monetary positions that now seemed to put their economies at risk of ongoing deficits and future inflation.”
 
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Case Solution for China’s Banks 2010

Complete Case details are given below :
Case Name :      China’s Banks 2010
Authors :           Danielle Cadieux, David W. Conklin
Source :             Ivey Publishing
Case ID :            910M78
Discipline :        Finance
Case Length :    02 pages
Solution Sample availability : YES
Plagiarism : NO (100% Original work)
Description for case is given below :
In the 1990s, considerable debate arose concerning the strength and stability of China’s banks. Of particular concern were the debts owed to the banks by state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Many SOEs were experiencing financial difficulties and so they might not have been able to repay these loans. Some analysts emphasized that, since the banks and the SOEs were both owned by the government, the only relevant concern was the financial strength of the government and its preparedness to take responsibility for any of the banks’ non-performing loans. In the early years of the 21st century, the government undertook a widespread program aimed at improving the balance sheets at the banks by purchasing non-performing loans from the banks and then reselling these at a discount, often to foreign private sector financial institutions. Prior to 2010, this process provided a generally accepted faith in the stability and security of China’s banks. Total non-performing loans as a per cent of total bank loans decreased from 20 per cent in 2003 to three per cent in 2008. The year 2010 brought a new realization that the non-performing loan problem had reappeared. However, China’s banks now had private as well as government shareholders, and so the solution had become more complex. The government’s response was to insist that China’s banks increase their capital base by issuing new equity.
 
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Case Solution for Basel III: An Evaluation of New Banking Regulations

Complete Case details are given below :
Case Name :      Basel III: An Evaluation of New Banking Regulations
Authors :           David Blaylock, David W. Conklin
Source :             Ivey Publishing
Case ID :            910N29
Discipline :        Finance
Case Length :    15 pages
Solution Sample availability : YES
Plagiarism : NO (100% Original work)
Description for case is given below :
The most recent recessionary period and credit crisis has precipitated discussions on the importance of stable financial systems. Many national governments are considering enacting stricter regulation on financial markets and bank liquidity. National and international supervisors will implement regulatory adjustments through coordinated efforts or independently in the next few years. There will be major developments in the banking industry within the near future.<br><br>This case provides a structure for discussing past international efforts to coordinate a strengthening of banking systems. The primary focus is the 2010 Basel negotiation to create new and more extensive internationally accepted regulations. Students can be encouraged to debate the basic concept of international rules, as well as possible versions of these rules. A central message is that such negotiations will likely continue indefinitely. China, India and other emerging nations have indicated that they are not prepared to enforce the 2010 Basel III. Furthermore, the process of analyzing banks’ financial reports in order to develop evaluations of their position vis-à-vis the rules will likely be a long and complex process.<br><br>With each of the major issues, this case presents the rationales for change and the strengths of Basel III’s provisions, as well as the weaknesses of the proposed changes.
 
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